Upon completion of the, the final 30% design design and environmental compliance phase of the project is estimated to take ap proximately 2 years and construction will take another 2 12 years to complete. Now, in some parts of kansas, there is a third option. Rollercompacted concrete rcc or rolled concrete rollcrete is a special blend of concrete that has essentially the same ingredients as conventional concrete but in different ratios, and increasingly with partial substitution of fly ash for portland cement. The modified proctor compaction test uses 56,000 ftlb. Gravity dams built using the rcc construction method, afford economies over conventional concrete. Cancelroller compacted concrete rcc dams and concrete faced rockfill cfr dams. The record monthly placing rate of 328,500 yd 3 250,200 m 3 for rollercompacted concrete was achieved at tarbela dam in. Rollercompacted concrete at the oroville dam concrete. Though design of rcc dam is similar to the conventional gravity dam, the. Design strength of rcc dam is often based on long term strength 90 days, 120 days or even 1 year. Benefits of vail dam vail dam reservoir captures runoff from the watershed and rcwd. It is defined as concrete compacted by roller, as per aci 207.
Rcc materials are relatively cheap and flexible ratio of the mixture contents together with high construction speed make rcc dams a valuable alternative for different dam projects. Elements discussed include investigation and selection of materials, mixture proportioning, material properties, design and. What are the differences in design of conventional concrete dams and roller compacted dams. This type of concrete has become very popular due to the fact that it is a simple material to produce and because it can be placed fast while producing a great surface. Rollercompacted concrete is just as strong as conventional concrete but takes less time and water. Roller compacted concrete mix proportioning method i of making roller compacted concrete. Pdf rollercompacted concrete rcc started in the us and canada near 30 years ago, at that time it was a new method to construct gravity dams or. Materials used occasionally 30 to 40 years ago, in hindsight, could be considered to be rcc.
Design and construction considerations for hydraulic structures rollercompacted concrete second edition u. Rollercompacted concrete dams olivenhain dam received the 2005 ocea award of merit. Uses the principles of soil compaction to produce a lean rcc, where the optimum water content of the concrete is the one that produces the maximum dry density of the mixture. Roller compacted concrete is used in two general areas of engineered construction. Over the next nine months, the california department of water resources worked towards meeting its nov.
Department of the interior bureau of reclamation technical service center denver, colorado september 201. Thisgeneralrelationship is represented in figure 2. Rcc is placed with earthmoving equipment, and the longterm strength of rcc is similar to concrete. And the dam volume becomes large steadily based on the actual results and the development of construction technique and mix proportions.
This paper will discuss the advantages of roller compacted concrete rcc for use in mass concrete gravity dams as compared to other types of gravity dams not only from a safety standpoint but from a constructability standpoint, economical and. The partial substitution of fly ash for portland cement is an important aspect of rcc dam construction because the heat generated by. More than 250 rcc dams have been constructed in 40 countries. Experiences with roller compacted concrete in kansas. Roller compacted concrete rcc was pioneered in the 1970s as a low cost, rapid construction substitute for mass concrete placement primarily for large concrete dams. The purpose of this manual is to provide information and guidance on the use of rollercompacted concrete rcc in dams and other civil works structures. San vicente dam raise san diego county water authority. Regardless of the projects size or importance, field quality control is necessary.
Rollercompacted concrete pavement rcc mixtures require compaction with the use of vibratory, tamper bar screeds, and typically but not always with either static or vibratory rollers to achieve a target density. Roller compacted concrete rcc has been rapidly developing over the past 40 years and is now commonly used for mass concreting operations typically in a gravity dam application. Rollercompacted concrete, which emerged as a viable means of constructing dams in the 1980s, allows much faster and less expensive construction than traditional methods. However, the complex process of rcc dam construction is facing difficulties due to lack of. Rcc as a basesubbase layers is not covered in this specification. The resulting product is a construction material with the strength character is tic of conventional concrete. Concrete rcc roller compacted concrete rcc or leanrolled concrete, is a dry noslump concrete which has been consolidated by vibrating rollers. Rollercompacted concrete rcc, which takes its name from the construction method used to build it, is a concrete of zeroslump consistency in its unhardened state. Rollercompacted concrete has several advantages and disadvantages when compared to traditional dam construction. Guide to rollercompacted concrete pavements reported by aci committee 327 wayne s. Roller compacted concrete properties, advantages, and. Each material has its pros and cons in terms of cost, maintenance, and longevity. Rollercompacted concrete gravity dams dams constructed of rcc are concrete gravity dams, and their stability requirement and methods of analysis is similar to gravity dams. Roller compacted concrete is defined as the concrete which is compacted by roller compaction technique.
Roller compacted concrete defines as a kind of concrete which compacted by roller and the mixture of this kind of concrete has to tolerant compaction aci 207. Inspection of concrete and masonry dams fema guidelines. In japan, a term of rcd roller compacted dam is used for rcc roller compacted concrete dam. Design considerations for rcc buttresses for concrete dam modifications. Pdf construction of roller compacted concrete dam in.
Roller compacted concrete rcc was originally limited to the subbase of roads and airfield pavements, being called lean concrete or dry lean concrete. This paper will discuss the advantages of roller compacted concrete rcc for use in mass concrete gravity dams as compared to other types of. Reduced cementitious content and the ease of placement and compaction leads rcc dams to be built in way that is more economical. Both the standard and modified proctor tests were developed for soils. Furthermore, we are at the forefront of riskbased dam and levee safety methodologies with extensive dam safety. Concrete construction engineering handbook, second edition. Gallapave rcc is part of gallagher aggregates gallapave range of hydraulically bound mixtures and roller compacted concrete. Roller compacting concrete has the ability such as either create new dams or repair old dams. Provides instruction on identifying concrete dam deficiencies and. Technical brief on rollercompacted concrete pavement.
The information is also not wholly applicable for non pavement applications such as backfills, dams. Celebration for 30 years application of rcc in dams. Microstructure, properties, and materials early developments the first successful application of rcc technology was demonstrated in 1974. The development of roller compacted concrete rcc was a major change in the construction practices of dams and other structures. Rcc consists of a zero slump mix of sand, gravel, cement, and water. Design and construction considerations for hydraulic. Rollercompacted concrete has the same basic ingredient as conventional concrete. Roller compacted concrete for dams free download as word doc.
In this document, rcc will be discussed only in the context of its use in pavements. Benefits, limitations and uses of roller compacted. Roller compacted concrete rcc and dam projects meka. In rollercompacted concrete dams the drainage gallery often increases construction time and increases costs because the earthfill method being used does not easily accommodate such a construction. Equipment available for the production of roller compacted concrete from fesco direct llc include a conversion trailer that when placed under any existing dry mix or ready mix concrete plant allows the production of rcc at the maximum production capacity of the concrete plant or 200 cubic yards per hour what ever is lowest. Construction of dams formed from rollercompacted concrete. Roller compacted concrete rcc appeared as a feasible new type of construction material for concrete gravity dams. Pdf rapid and economical construction are among numerous advantages of the construction of roller compacted concrete rcc dam compared to. Experiences with roller compacted concrete in kansas by lisa harris w hen paving a road or street, two common choices for the material are asphalt and poured concrete. We also have extensive capabilities for hydropower generation facilities. Raising the height of san vicente dam was one of the last major components of the san. These comments are on the 122716 version of this article.
Pdf construction of roller compacted concrete dam in malaysia. The paper provides an outline of important points that need to be recognized and understood when selecting material for use in embankment dams. Pdf rollercompacted concrete dams rehabilitation in terms of. The research questions that havegoverned this thesis are. The repair of the collapsed intake tunnel of tarbela dam proved that the material had more than adequate strength and durability. Dam still holds the alltime record monthly placing rate of 536,250 yd3 410,020 m3, followed by the more recent achievement at itaipu dam on the brazilparaguay border of 440,550 yd3 336,840 m3 itaipu binacional 1981.
The concrete mixture used for construction should keep in an unhardened state to support the roller compaction. The strength of rcc is a function of wc ratio only for mixture with vebe time of 15 to 20 sec. Roller compacted concrete construction process in dam in. This guide for rollercompacted concrete pavements is a product of the national concrete pavement technology center national cp tech center at iowa state universitys institute for transportation, with funding from the portland cement association. Rollercompacted concrete rcc is a new material that uses a construction technique that applies the material property theories of both soil mechanics and concrete. Rcc trends in early 21st century mediumsize dams pdf.
Analysis of almost 20 years of experience with the use of rollercompacted concrete in dam construction enables us to conclude that in designing a concrete. It was built in two stages from 1914 to 1922 to provide a raw water supply for. The ussd committee on materials for embankment dams has prepared this white paper on materials for embankment dams. Loch raven dam is a 110foothigh, 700footlong, concrete gravity dam. Icold bulletin 177 rollercompacted concrete dams presents the stateoftheart on rollercompacted concrete technology for dams, incorporating the advances of the rcc technology for dams over the last 15 years since the previous bulletin on the topic was released in 2003. Mix design of roller compacted concrete the constructor. Roller compacted concrete for pavements can be described as follows. This thesis will bring all the basic knowledge needed about rcc and bring up critical parts for when designing adam. Rollercompacted concrete, or rcc, takes its name from the construction method used to build it. Roller compacted concrete mix design and properties of rcc.
Its placed with conventional or highdensity asphalt paving equipment,then compacted with rollers. Design and construction considerations for hydraulic structures. It is placed in layers, one on top of the other, in. Construction techniques for rollercompacted concrete. Rcc does not involve the use of internal vibration that typically is used to consolidate concrete used in conventional paving. I looked up this article because rollercompacted concrete will be used in major repair work at the oroville dam. These applications were typically stabilized gravel. Mix design a number of mixture proportioning methods have been successfully used. One possible method to decrease gallery construction time is to use precast concrete gallery segments, however this method has not yet been attempted. Recently, roller compacted concrete rcc has come into use for various advantages over the conventional concrete.
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